Program to Sort Elements in Ascending and Descending Order using One Dimensional Array

#include <stdio.h>

void sortAscending(int arr[], int n) {
for (int i = 0; i < n – 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n – i – 1; j++) {
if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
// Swap
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
arr[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
}

void sortDescending(int arr[], int n) {
for (int i = 0; i < n – 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n – i – 1; j++) {
if (arr[j] < arr[j + 1]) {
// Swap
int temp = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
arr[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
}

int main() {
int n;

// Step 1: Read the size of the array
printf(“Enter the number of elements in the array: “);
if (scanf(“%d”, &n) != 1) {
printf(“Error reading input.\n”);
return 1;
}

int arr[n]; // Declare the array with user-defined size

// Step 2: Read the elements of the array
printf(“Enter %d elements:\n”, n);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf(“Element [%d]: “, i);
if (scanf(“%d”, &arr[i]) != 1) {
printf(“Error reading input.\n”);
return 1;
}
}

// Step 3: Sort in ascending order
sortAscending(arr, n);
printf(“\nArray in ascending order:\n”);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf(“%d “, arr[i]);
}

// Step 4: Sort in descending order
sortDescending(arr, n);
printf(“\n\nArray in descending order:\n”);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf(“%d “, arr[i]);
}

printf(“\n”);
return 0;
}

Explanation of the Program

1. Sorting in Ascending Order:
   • The sortAscending() function uses the bubble sort algorithm to arrange elements in increasing order.
2. Sorting in Descending Order:
   • The sortDescending() function also uses the bubble sort algorithm but swaps elements to arrange them in decreasing order.
3. Input and Output:
   • The program reads the array size and elements from the user.
   • Displays the array sorted in ascending and descending order.

Sample Input/Output

Input:

Enter the number of elements in the array: 5
Enter 5 elements:
Element [0]: 50
Element [1]: 30
Element [2]: 40
Element [3]: 10
Element [4]: 20

Output:

Array in ascending order:
10 20 30 40 50

Array in descending order:
50 40 30 20 10